Grid-tied inverters are directly connected to the grid, while off-grid inverters are completely independent and they draw their energy from batteries charged by solar panels. The main advantage of off-grid inverters is that they continue to operate even in the event of a grid failure, which is why they are also called standalone inverters. Hybrid inverters combine the functionality of both types of inverters and are able to manage energy from solar panels, batteries, and the grid simultaneously. Choosing the right solar inverter needs to be based on your solar installation and energy needs.
Hybrid Inverter
A hybrid inverter has multiple functions, combining the capabilities of a traditional inverter and a battery inverter. It converts direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) for use in homes and businesses. It also manages the battery system, allowing users to store excess solar power for later use, and facilitates grid interaction, enabling net metering, sending excess energy back to the grid.
A hybrid inverter converts the DC power generated by solar energy into AC power for immediate use. When energy production exceeds usage, the inverter directs the excess power to charge the connected battery. It can supply power from the battery during periods of insufficient sunlight or increased demand. If both solar and battery resources are insufficient, the inverter will draw power from the grid to ensure continuous power.
Off-grid Inverter
An off-grid inverter is a device specifically designed for energy systems that operate independently of the power grid. It converts direct current (DC) generated by renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power into alternating current (AC) for use by household appliances. It also manages the charging and discharging of the battery system, ensuring that surplus energy is stored efficiently and available when needed.
When renewable energy production exceeds immediate power demand, the inverter uses the surplus energy to charge the connected battery. During times when renewable energy generation is insufficient, the inverter draws power from the battery to meet household demand.
Hybrid Inverter vs Off Grid Inverter Pros and Cons
| Feature | Hybrid Inverters | Off-grid Inverters |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Source | Grid-connected and renewable sources | Primarily renewable sources |
| Energy Storage | Integrated battery management | Requires separate battery systems |
| Grid Interaction | Can export excess energy to the grid | No grid interaction |
| Backup Power | Limited backup capability during outages | Full backup capability with batteries |
| System Complexity | More complex due to multiple functionalities | Simpler system architecture |
| Installation Cost | Higher initial cost due to additional features | Generally lower installation cost |
| Efficiency | High efficiency with optimal energy use | Efficiency can vary based on battery management |
| Flexibility | Offers flexibility in energy management | Limited to self-sufficiency |
| Monitoring Features | Often includes advanced monitoring options | Basic monitoring features |
| Best For | Homes with grid access and energy storage needs | Remote areas or off-grid living |
Detailed Advantages and Disadvantages
Hybrid Inverters
Advantages:
- Grid Interaction: They can export excess solar energy back to the grid, allowing for net metering and potential financial benefits.
- Energy Management: Integrated management of both solar energy and battery storage optimizes energy use and reduces electricity bills.
- Backup Power: They provide some level of backup power during grid outages, although this may be limited compared to off-grid systems.
- Versatility: Suitable for homes with grid access that also want to utilize renewable energy and battery storage.
Disadvantages:
- Higher Cost: Initial installation costs are typically higher due to the complexity and additional features.
- Complexity: More complex systems require more maintenance and understanding to operate effectively.
- Dependency on Grid: Users may still rely on grid electricity.
Off-grid Inverters
Advantages:
- Complete Independence: They allow users to live entirely off the grid, relying solely on renewable energy sources and battery storage.
- Full Backup Power: Off-grid systems use stored energy to provide reliable backup power, which is useful in remote areas without grid access.
- Simplicity: Generally simpler systems focused solely on renewable energy management.
Disadvantages:
- Limited Power Supply: Users are unable to access electricity from the grid, which leads to energy shortages during periods of low renewable energy generation.
- Higher Battery Dependence: Requires robust battery systems, which can add to costs and maintenance.
- Efficiency Variability: System efficiency can be impacted by battery management practices and the availability of renewable resources.
Choosing the right inverter for different situations
Reliability and stability of the grid
If the grid fails or fluctuates frequently, then a hybrid inverter can provide better protection because it can automatically switch to off-grid mode when the grid goes down and continue to supply power to the load. If the grid is stable, then an off-grid inverter can also meet the demand, provided there are enough storage batteries and generating capacity.
Grid prices and policies
If there is a difference between high and low peak hour prices on the grid, or if there are subsidy policies that encourage grid-connected generation, then the hybrid inverter can save money or increase revenue by utilizing an economic model that enables charging during low price hours and selling power during high price hours. If the grid is more evenly priced, or if there are no incentives for grid-connected generation, then off-grid inverters can also achieve self-sufficiency.
Type and demand of load
If the load is some equipment that requires high voltage fluctuation or needs 24-hour uninterrupted power supply, then the hybrid inverter can provide better voltage quality and reliability, because it can automatically adjust the output voltage and frequency according to the load changes, as well as balance the power between the grid and the storage battery. If the load is a device that requires less voltage fluctuation, or only needs to be powered during the day, then an off-grid inverter can also fulfill the needs, as long as there is enough generating capacity and storage batteries.
Experience Shielden Hybrid and Off-Grid Inverters!
At Shielden, we offer high-quality hybrid and off-grid inverters to meet your energy needs. Our innovative solutions not only maximize your energy efficiency, but also provide reliable power whether you are connected to the grid or live in a remote location. We provide custom, no-cost solar solutions designed for your unique situation.
